Cancer survivors who undergo ostomy surgery often experience significant disruptions to their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and daily routines. Many patients and their families are left to navigate ostomy self-management through trial and error, highlighting the need for structured support. A chronic care ostomy self-management program offers a promising solution to improve both HRQOL and self-management skills in this population.
The Critical Need for Ostomy Self-Management Education
Living with an ostomy presents unique challenges that can substantially impact a cancer survivor’s physical, emotional, and social well-being. Effective self-management is crucial for these individuals to adapt to their new circumstances and regain control over their lives. However, the learning process is often unstructured, leading to frustration and potentially suboptimal outcomes. A well-designed, evidence-based program can provide the necessary knowledge and skills to empower patients in their self-care journey.
A Chronic Care Model for Ostomy Self-Management
Recognizing this gap in care, a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a five-session ostomy self-care curriculum grounded in the principles of the Chronic Care Model. This longitudinal study aimed to determine if such a program could improve HRQOL and self-management abilities among cancer survivors with ostomies. The Chronic Care Model emphasizes patient-centered care, self-management support, and community resources, making it an ideal framework for this intervention.
Positive Outcomes: Improved HRQOL and Self-Efficacy
Thirty-eight individuals participated in this pilot program, with the majority having a history of rectal or bladder cancer. Feedback from participants was overwhelmingly positive, with high ratings for the program’s overall quality and content. Participants particularly valued the group forum aspect, expressing a desire for larger group sizes and more hands-on practical training.
Crucially, the study demonstrated statistically significant and sustained improvements across multiple key outcome measures. These included:
- Patient Activation: Participants showed increased engagement in their own health management (p = 0.0004).
- Self-Efficacy: Confidence in their ability to manage their ostomy significantly improved (p = 0.006).
- Overall HRQOL: Participants reported a better overall quality of life (p = 0.01).
- Physical and Social Well-being: Significant gains were observed in both physical (p = 0.005) and social aspects of well-being (p = 0.002).
- Anxiety Reduction: Survivor anxiety levels were significantly reduced at the follow-up assessment (p = 0.047).
These results clearly indicate the positive impact of a structured chronic care ostomy self-management program on cancer survivors.
Conclusion: Empowering Cancer Survivors Through Community-Based Programs
This study provides compelling evidence that a dedicated self-management ostomy program can be highly beneficial for cancer survivors as they adapt to life with a stoma. The demonstrated improvements in HRQOL, self-efficacy, and reduced anxiety underscore the value of such interventions. Implementing and expanding these programs within community settings holds immense potential to reach and support a larger population of cancer survivors, ultimately enhancing their ability to thrive post-treatment. The integration of group support and hands-on training further emphasizes the holistic approach needed to address the multifaceted needs of individuals living with an ostomy.
