Code readers and OBD2 scanners vary significantly in their capabilities and compatibility with different vehicle types. While basic code readers work with most vehicles manufactured after 1996 (for petrol) and 2004 (for diesel), specialized scanners offer enhanced functionality for specific vehicle categories.
Make-Specific Diagnostic Tools
Several code readers are specifically designed for particular vehicle manufacturers:
- OBDeleven scanners provide extensive diagnostics for VAG (Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda, SEAT) and BMW vehicles, offering deeper access to manufacturer-specific codes and systems1
- FORscan software paired with the OBDLink MX+ adapter is highly recommended for Ford vehicles, providing comprehensive access to Ford-specific systems and programming capabilities16
- OBDLINK MX+ and Topdon TopScan can read additional GM and Ford codes and parameters that are off-limits to other code readers3
Heavy-Duty and Commercial Vehicle Scanners
Commercial and heavy-duty vehicles require specialized diagnostic tools:
- Heavy Yutong code readers come in various forms designed specifically for buses and commercial vehicles, including professional code readers with extensive diagnostic capabilities4
- THINKTOOL READER HD and THINKSCAN HD are specifically designed for heavy-duty trucks, supporting over 31 commercial vehicle brands with specialized protocols and systems not found in passenger vehicles17
Diesel Vehicle Diagnostic Tools
Diesel vehicles benefit from scanners designed for their unique systems:
- Diesel OBD2 scanners are specifically tailored to diagnose diesel engines, which have different emission control systems and diagnostic parameters compared to gasoline engines15
- The Foxwell NT510 Elite scanner features advanced capabilities specifically tailored for diesel engine diagnostics, monitoring functions related to diesel-specific components like EGR systems and particulate filters18
Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Scanners
Modern alternative fuel vehicles require specialized diagnostic equipment:
- Doctor Hybrid ELM OBD2 scanner is specifically designed for Toyota and Lexus hybrid vehicles, with the ability to monitor hybrid-specific components including high-voltage battery cells, inverter temperature, and hybrid system diagnostics12
- The Innova 5610 includes a hybrid/EV battery test function, making it suitable for diagnosing these increasingly common vehicles5
Enhanced Capability Scanners
Some vehicles benefit from scanners with expanded system access:
- Basic code readers typically only access engine (powertrain) codes, while advanced scanners can access:
- The Bosch 1300 OBD can read both OBD1 (pre-1996) and OBD2 codes, making it valuable for workshops that service both older and newer vehicles3
When selecting a code reader, consider your specific vehicle type and the systems you need to access. While basic readers provide check engine light diagnostics for most vehicles, specialized scanners offer significantly enhanced capabilities for specific vehicle makes, models, and propulsion systems.